Scholarships

Shock Therapy in continental Euro-Asia would topple a subsidy bill on cities such as Rome, Vienna, Bonn

SATURDAY’S MIRACLE

By Wendell W. Solomons

From 3,000 word alert of July 28th, 1992 to ‘Moscow News’ and World Bank Chief Economist

These jointly owned public assets hold, for example, the lifetime savings of engineers, doctors, teachers, technicians and other workers. In the particular case of divesting these assets into private ownership, careful costing is also required so as to minimise the loss of the savings of working men and women. Causing group insolvency and ethnic breakdown has to be avoided.

Alienation of jointly owned public assets to legal persons also requires the development of civil and company law, which includes development of courts and the training of lawyers.

If a Hey-Presto approach failed, someone else would have to subsidise the earnings and pensions of above 300 million people, young and old, while courses in auditing, accountancy and finance, marketing, management, business economics, banking, insurance, and commercial law are taught… 

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This account begins near the Church of Nicholas the Miracle-Worker in Leo Tolstoi Street. Near it, at a parking lot where foreigners park their cars, men were trying to achieve their miracle.

Somewhat rare even for Moscow, the temperature had dropped overnight to 38 degrees below freezing. Dramatically, brightly coloured American, British, French and German-owned Citroens, Fords, Peugeots, Volkswagens, and Volvos, refused to start. Winter had turned the foreign cars into disheartening heaps of metal.

Few of the foreigners that first morning noticed one man at work. He had placed a tray of glowing coals, a saving from a summer picnic, under the engine of his maroon Volvo … He knew he could warm the engine oil slightly to help the pistons slide in the cylinders. A Britisher, the expertise for his miracle had come from working as a serviceman in Norway.

Many people search for a miracle to avoid further shortages, price rises, and turmoil in Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States. Thinking about figures he had seen in July 1992 U.S. President George Bush had expressed it in his way, “I don’t know if there is enough money in the world to solve Russia’s economy.”

Every miracle worker has his expertise. Matthew XV-14 cautions-

“And if the blind lead the blind, both shall fall into the ditch.”

To make a larger social miracle possible, what expertise could be used? May we have a look at Asia? The spirituality of modern Europe originated in Asia’s Nazareth …
 

STAR TO THE EAST

ASIAWEEK magazine’s editors saw and took up our large socio-economic problem on July 24th, 1992. They had an observation to make on available expertise in the East

“China’s leaders know what can happen if prices rise too fast. They wrote the book on creating special economic zones as laboratories for free-market reforms, which can then be applied to the rest of the country.”

And to the East of China is Japan – whose star experiences even American companies study. There, a century ago Japan had began the intensive search for expertise. In the inceptional promise of office in 1868, the Japanese ruler who began uniting several Japanese territories declared -

“Knowledge shall be sought for throughout the world, so that the welfare of the Empire may be promoted.”

With a need to take over from several provincial Shoguns and unite Japan, the 16-year old Emperor Meiji led the rapid study and emulation of the practices of Europe.

Between the epochs of Pythagoras and Newton, although many people had been blocked in the hinterland, Europe served as a testing ground for an Asian ethos. It happened to be one that challenged detachment and was cosmopolitan. As this ethos established itself, Western Europe no longer saw Saturn’s day and Thor’s day in the week nor glorified the wisdom of the Stoic recluse who detached himself from the world. The enlightenment of the solitary recluse was replaced by the ‘folly’ foretold in 1st Corinthians I/17-29, exemplified for instance by a prayer called OUR FATHER which contains neither solitary “I” nor “Me.”

In East Asia, Japan had arisen to the popular transition to the European Age of Enlightenment. And in 1890, universal primary school education was adopted as Japan’s goal. Thanks to the study of Europe’s success in education, Japan had begun to think of life in terms of the advances of community centred and community involved Europe. Notably, the Emperor tried to prepare the Japanese for using not only the perimeter of the storm and typhoon-ridden volcanic islands, but also the whole world as a treasury of cosmopolitan expertise from which to select and better slough off national handicaps.

What was the result of this experiment?

How easy it is for us to jump a century forward . . . We hear a news report that says Japan’s trade surplus with the rest of the world increased by 50% during the first six months of 1992 as compared with the previous year. More than one-third of the same trade surplus was gained at the expense of another country that directly inherited the European Age of Enlightenment – the United States.

Yet, we know that the surface area of the Japanese archipelago of four hilly main islands and several thousand others, adds up to less the area of the single U.S. state of California.

While the small David grew, what had the larger nation been doing?

STAR TO THE WEST

U.S. Soldier-President Dwight D. Eisenhower knew of the need for advance. He had this to say, “Our real problem, then, is not our strength today; it is rather the vital necessity of action today to ensure our strength tomorrow.”

Previously, as a Commander of Allied Forces during the war Eisenhower had answered to President Franklin D. Roosevelt who knew the challenge of leadership in the broad spectrum of national and international. He had said, “We defend and we build a way of life, not for America alone, but for all mankind.”

It says still more of his vision when we learn that Roosevelt resounded to the aspiration, so different from what the Mercantilists believed -

“The money-changers have fled from their high seats in the temple of our civilisation. We may now restore that temple to the ancient truths.”

And even on the other side of the U.S. political divide, Roosevelt’s Republican counterpart exhibited a kindred stand on leadership when he agreed to visit Moscow during the war as Presidential emissary. He, Wendell L. Willkie, in addition brings out the link of strength to productivity in this paradoxical way

“It is from weakness that people reach for dictators and concentrated government power. Only the strong can be free. And only the productive can be strong.”

Although “money-changers” contrasted with “the productive” for the generation of these two leaders, different events were to follow. America – privileged child of the Age of Enlightenment – had become Japan’s occupying power and had broken down Japan’s leading business holdings. At the same time, counterpart U.S. holdings remained full and rich.

What more than a chance to enjoy this good fortune?

Influential American households had inherited the sort of money fortunes that many an old European princedom would have envied. The heads of these American households were now able to invest in the acclaim of muses and sages and evade a new problem – the headache of leadership.

Among the sages who relieved them of that headache was Milton Friedman. His Monetarism, if we consult an encyclopaedia entry for brevity, concentrated on boosting economic growth through the regulation of the money supply in a country’s economy. Innovation, productivity, and economic strength were to follow automatically – they were not to bother America’s new leadership.

What entered official thinking was in a sense a throwback to the 17th and 18th-Century Mercantilists of France and England. These publicists offered support to mercenaries, merchant houses and colonial despots by seeing economic growth solely at the interface of the exchange of merchants’ goods, and most particularly in the negotiation of the money of the day, gold coin and bullion. English playwright Thomas Dekker (1572-1632) had explained in hyperbole -

“A mask of gold hides all deformities.”

Both Mercantilists and Monetarists gave comfort and reassurance to the wielders of money wealth by saying that the attributes they used were the fundamental levers of life. When this fetish was projected far and wide by TV in modern times, it grasped the United States with a fever remarkably like that of King Midas who coveted the golden touch until it began to turn his food and his loved ones into frigid gold.

Spellbound by the projection of glitter such as that of Monetarism, U.S. productivity began to drop after the war. The families that had developed into inheritors of U.S. wealth had reached those circumstances in life when they detached themselves from America’s innovators. To illustrate the gap between the planners of U.S. business strategy and innovators let us take just one example.

SONY bought rights to the use of the transistor from a U.S. concern for just $25,000. Innovation after innovation was used by the Japanese consumer electronics industry, which took over from American firms in America’s own market in radios, tape recorders, TV sets, high quality stereo, and video.

In two rather famous articles published in 1983 in THE ATLANTIC REVIEW, Harvard University’s Robert B. Reich noticed the trend and said

“More than 65 percent of all seats on the boards of Japanese manufacturing companies are occupied by people who are trained as engineers; roughly the same percentage of seats on American boards are taken by people trained in law, finance or accountancy. Thus, in Japan, many problems that arise in business are viewed as problems of engineering or science, for which technical solutions can be found…’

“Paper entrepreneuralism is both cause and consequence of America’s faltering economy. Paper profits are the only ones available to professional managers who sit isolated atop organisations designed for a form of production that is no longer appropriate to America’s place in the world economy…’

“Paper entrepreneuralism thus has a self-perpetuating quality that, if left unchecked, will drive the nation to further decline.”

Just before Robert Reich sounded this alarm, Thomas Peters and Robert Waterman had put out a book, “In Search of Excellence”, which focused on better organisation. Their book was widely read in U.S. industry and acclaimed. Some companies strode out to focus on more rational organisation, MOTOROLA and IBM being cases in point. Yet, the general pattern remained unchanged. American wealth had fallen into a leadership position, but its leadership was abdicating it.

Finally, due to the Mercantilism, which took over everyday U.S. trade policy, to reduce friction SONY, HONDA, SANYO, YKK and other Japanese corporations began the transport of factories to the United States and learned to manage a U.S. workforce.

1. Thus, evasion had begun again. Famed writer H. G. Wells had once noted, “Every time Europe looks across the Atlantic to see the American Eagle, it observes only the rear end of an ostrich.”   
    

EXPERTISE FOR MIRACLES

If we try to measure Gross National Product (GNP) in current US dollars, we find Japan increased its per capita GNP from some $50 for year 1945 to the figure of $27,000 for year 1992. Japan has overtaken the United States ($ 22,000), Canada ($21,000), Germany ($21,000), France ($ 21,000). If you try to work it out, you find that on the average Japan increased its GNP at current prices during the last 47 years at 14.3% every year (try this figure as a constant on your calculator if you don’t have a computer handy). Who else has such development expertise?

Philip Kotler, a noted U.S. marketeer, provided a useful analysis. Not for him paper or peddlers’ capitalism. He analyses marketing-oriented, modern industrial production. His own words follow next.

TARGET INDUSTRIES

Japan’s need to rebuild the nation, to control its balance of payments, to create exports, and to manage its economy back to health, led Japan to consider selecting certain industries for targeted growth … a target industry is simply an industry that Japan identifies as being worthy of whatever support is deemed necessary to make it a strong industry domestically and to help it become and remain competitive in the international arena.
 

THE PROPELLER-THE JAPANESE GOVERNMENT

During 1949-55, Japan put together the institutional instruments that were to catapult it into the economic big league. Unquestionably, the pivotal entity in this institutional structure was MITI (Ministry of International Trade and Industry) which came into being in 1949. Even its title is significant. The inclusion of international trade is indicative of Japanese intent to guide resources toward the exploitation of international markets.

MITI worked very closely with many other governmental agencies, particularly the Ministry of Finance and the Japan Development Bank.

At the core of MITI’s roles lie separate though related elements

1. Establishing objectives and priorities for the Japanese economy

2. Developing the economic (physical) and institutional (commercial) infrastructure

3. Selecting target industries

4. Funnelling the necessary capital to target industries and specific firms

5. Nurturing target industries toward maturity

6. Developing the means to regulate all forms of competition within the Japanese economy

7. Controlling the flow of foreign investment into Japan

8. Managing the institutional environment.

Primarily through the auspices of MITI, Japan has designated a series of industries for development and nurturing. These industries were aided through financial, tax, and technology supports and were sheltered from foreign competition in the domestic market … (Philip Kotler’s writes with co-authors in full in WORLD EXECUTIVE’S DIGEST, September, 1985.)

 

MARKETING-DRIVEN INDUSTRY AND FOREIGN SUBSIDIES

As compared with Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan, if marketing-driven industry is developed, Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States have certain advantages – and certain disadvantages. Let us take the advantages first -

(a) These states already posses a developed science-teaching potential more than that which Japan, South Korea or Taiwan had. Some states also have more scientists, engineers, technicians and skilled workers;

(b) Some states have far more foreign language and country specialists than Japanese or other foreign trade concerns started with; most countries also have common geographic and cultural borders with many others for fast, cross-border trade.

(c) Most countries have more mineral resources.

Last but hardly least -

(d) In many of these countries, Marx, with several generations of Rabbis in his ancestry, helped create a strong congregational “We.” In modern times Japan fostered in the factory a community spirit to combat the alienation that plagues American industrial sociology. Thus Japan was able to turn every work day at the factory into a teach-in for increasing productivity and joint success. People who happened to play a major role in the development of Japanese participative management include Kaoru Ishikawa and several activists who link together in the Tokyo-based Japan Union of Scientists and Engineers. They acknowledge a debt to U.S. statistician W. Edwards Deming of New York University, who contributed in 1950 to Japan’s participative quality management system. In this connection and finally, the work of a host of North Americans such as William Ouchi (UCLA) and Olga Crocker (Windsor) who have studied Japan’s participative management at a technical level are available in current literature and would be valuable in the selection of expertise apt to the historical challenge.

The list of disadvantages of these nations is long. So as not to grow weary and put off the task, let us take a look at the solution of two items in their agenda.

(1) These nations have to develop marketing. For many shopfloor engineers, this requires going back to the class-room. The existing system in which these engineers worked was based on macro-planning of production and distribution. Yet, far more would be required than market training for in-plant personnel. For example, business development on a country-wide scale the founding of companies, partnerships and proprietorship for merchandising, retailing, wholesaling, warehousing, handling, and trucking both for home and export needs. Consider that such business development cannot occur without the costly injection of fixed and working capital after the development of credit banks due to missing venture capital, an operation well known at the World Bank.

(2) These nations have to make private property stand out. If a large volume of assets was divested in another country with a market economy, careful timing would be used by professional asset managers so as not to depress market values suddenly.

Although the term state capitalism does occur in academic discussion, assets in these countries do not belong to a giant business magnate. These jointly owned public assets hold, for example, the life-time savings of engineers, doctors, teachers, technicians and other workers. In the particular case of divesting these assets into private ownership, careful costing is also required so as to minimise the loss of the savings of working men and women. Causing group insolvency and ethnic breakdown has to be avoided. Alienation of jointly owned public assets (obshestvennaya sobstvennost’) to legal persons also requires the development of civil and company law, which includes development of courts and the training of lawyers. If a Hey-Presto approach failed, someone else would have to subsidise the earnings and pensions of above 300 million people, young and old, men and women, while courses in auditing, accountancy and finance, marketing, management, business economics, banking, insurance, and commercial law are taught; and while macro-planned factories, farms, land, apartments, hospitals, universities and schools are valued by auditors at market prices or by a method of re-allocation of the savings in these assets themselves, and divested to buyers.

Even if large capitalised foreign buyers of factories and farms materialise, would national output at least continue at the previous level so as not to leave others a bill for subsidies from outside? There have been guesses about the size of that annual subsidy bill and as we know of July 1992, U. S. President George Bush put in this way, “I don’t know if there is enough money in the world to solve Russia’s economy.”

In the event of failure, a big-bang operation in continental Euro-Asia would topple a subsidy bill on cities such as Rome, Vienna, Bonn, Paris, London, Dublin, Glasgow, Madrid, Lisbon, Brussels, The Hague, Copenhagen, Stockholm, Oslo. Now hardly noticed, land barriers have gradually faded. That has made several of these cities no more than one week’s journey by road from the Church of Nicholas the Miracle-Worker, patron saint of Moscow. It is Saint Nick, called Santa Claus in the West by children, who enters through the chimney making many a Christmas wish miraculously come true. Now, if you happen to be a Mummy or Daddy wishing for a miracle near this church, should you choose the star of the East or the star of the West for your route?

 

History of document

Edited in Colombo by Revd. Graeme W. M. Muckart of the Church of Scotland in July 1992.

Text sent by Wendell W. Solomons to Lawrence Summers, IBRD Chief Economist, from Colombo through Metalix private agency post office fax 580721 to Washington IBRD fax 202-4776391 on July 28th, 1992.

Telexes on the subject begun to TW 886-2-7761549 and faxes from May 1st.

Communications received from IBRD by Wendell W. Solomons

(a) Courier packet of documents, DHL, Forwarder Airbill No: 756176536 SPS 744556072, of Aug 7th, 1992, despatched by Etienne Pierart, Dept: 824, Div: 11, Room: 0-4137, The World Bank.
(b) Letter of same date under signature of Etienne Pierart.
(c) Letter of November 30th, 1992 reference No: D28811 (3); 10/19/92, from World Bank under signature of Julita R.S. Main.

 

The Mayor’s College Fair Provides Tuition Assistance for Washington D.c. Schools

The Mayor’s College Fair

The Mayor’s College Fair brings together a variety of programs available for the Washington D.C. schools and their students preparing for college tuition costs. This event takes place on September 15, 2006 and provides information about a variety of college tuition assistantship programs. Students in the Washington D.C. schools are encouraged to attend the Mayor’s College Fair in order to learn more about the special programs open to them as Washington D.C. students.

The Mayor’s College Fair is being held for the first time this year as part of the Washington D.C. schools’ effort to coordinate the various assistantships available to graduating seniors as well as provide a public forum for discussing and disseminating this information. Hopefully, this will become an annual event at the beginning of each school year as a new class of seniors looks forward to the joys and burdens of financing a college education. This meeting will hopefully provide a structure for students in Washington D.C. schools seeking guidance about financial aid programs and packages available for Washington D.C. students.

The D.C. Tuition Assistance Grant Program

One program that has promised great potential in aiding Washington D.C. school graduates pay for college is the D.C. Tuition Assistance Grant Program (DCTAGP). This program has been going on since 2000 and provided over $100 million towards the education costs of DC residents attending college. This program covers the difference between instate and out of state tuition, up to $10,000 per year for qualified applicants. The grant can be extended over six years at any public college or university nationwide. In addition, there are limited funds available for students attending private colleges in the Washington D.C. area as well as two year community colleges nationwide.

The D.C. Leveraging Educational Assistance Partnership Program

The D.C. Leveraging Educational Assistance Partnership Program (DCLEAP) provides $1500 annually to those Washington D.C. school residents who show financial need. This award can be used at any accredited university nationwide. These funds are intended to be used to fill the gaps in a student’s financial aid package and cover many of the costs other than tuition that many students face when paying for books, housing, etc. This program is designed to help Washington D.C. school residents to find the extra help that they need to make ends meet while in college.

The D.C. Adoption Scholarship Program

The DC Adoption Scholarship (DCAS) provides up to $10,000 a year for post-high school education and training of District of Columbia children who were adopted through DC’s Child and Family Services Agency, and/or children who lost one or both parents in the terrorist attacks of September 11th, 2001. These funds are meant to help lower the financial burden to those who lost their parents due to the terrorist attacks and now must take the burden of paying for college on themselves. The grants are targeted toward those members of the community most affected by the attacks as well as keeping community awareness high about the continued impact that the attacks have had on the United States.

financial aid?

i just had my dependent verifacation worksheet go theough..but everything else was in 4 months ago…how long will it take to get my loan etc.?

You get your aid check when you’ve registered and the school has taken their share of the money. So actually, you should get it right around this time of the year.

Government School Grants For Single Moms – Obama’s Federal Financial Aid For Moms

Taking law school can be the highest degree that people can opt for, but not all are given the chance to do so because of financial constraint. Indeed, schooling for law can become one of the most expensive forms of finance that you can ever find yourself into.

In this regard, Law School may not be an option for single moms especially since they are given the task to take care of their children’s needs, of ensuring the look of the whole house, of seeing to it that they go with the requirements of their work, and other important thing that these women are obliged of. In this regard, there are some law schools that are offering financial aids and grants among single mothers who intend to study law school.

Don’t worry though because if you just know the steps to take, you will be able to find the grant that you can opt for. The primary step to do is to seek some information from universities where you intend to study so you will know the options they can give you. It is typical that these universities would give special program that may fit your needs, especially if you are in low-income households. Among the most famous options you have are the following:

1. Law Schools Admission Council Research Grants- This is given to law student who were able to work for legal research program are given the chance to get this scholarship grant.

2. Equal Justice Works Fellowship- This award is merely given to fifty students once they meet a certain criteria in order to work in undeserved community.

There are many options that are in store for you. In fact, you will be happy to know that the American Bar Association is considered to have the biggest number of scholarships and grants which are given to single mothers. There are other institutions that take the time to give single mothers some awards and gifts like The Nation’s Top Law School, The Columbia School of Law, University of Michigan, Cornell University, The Washington College of Law, and many others. They believe that by providing financial assistance to these mothers their prestige will rise.

Because life being a single mother can be one of the hardest obstacle that women can face in their life, this allows everyone to understand that loans and grants given to these mothers are a must. Because of this as well, the federal government is known to offer government school grants for single moms. It is allowed to any single mom to apply for this kind of program or free, either personally or at their online center. An important thing to do though is to include the last year’s records of tax payment together with the application form.

Indeed, if you are taking law, you will belong among the respected people in the society which can somehow erase your bad past of being a single mom. So take law and ready yourself for success.

Did you know that you can get a free $10,000 scholarship for Moms?

I have found this resource Free Scholarships for Moms, and I would like to share it with you.

See how many scholarships you can get approved for. Just enter your name and email address.

Click Here to register for free education money.

You must be at least 18.

A story about MITCH who didn’t donate to the Senior Fund – Columbia College Senior Fund ‘09

Student Federal Grants – Obtain Financial Aid To Attend College

Financial support is one of the major issues concerning the students who are ready to join a college for further studies. In the United States , the federal government reserves a big pool of financial aid for the students in the form of federal grants . The fact that these grants are never repaid by the students differentiates them from the private student loans.Here is a discussion that should help you learn about the federal grant money in detail.Applying for Federal GrantThe application that must be filled to apply for federal student grants is known as the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FASFA). It is recommended that you take help from a student counselor in your school to fill the application correctly.Federal Grant ProgramsThere are many federal grant programs available with the government that can assist a student for a major part of the college fee. Here are the main federal grant programs for students: * Federal Pell Grant: In this program, the grants are awarded to the students belonging to low-income families. Up to $5,000 can be availed by a student under this program. * Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant: The students with exceptional financial needs, which can’t be fulfilled by Pell grant, can apply for the supplemental educational grant. * SMART Grant: The students that do impressively well in the fields like science, math, technology, engineering and others can apply for SMART federal grant. * Academic Competitiveness Grant: Impressive academic achievements can make a student qualify for this type of federal grant. The financial need of the student is also assessed to find him or her eligible for the grant. * TEACH Grant: The students preparing to become future teachers and agreeing to teach in a low-income public school can apply for this federal grant.Eligibility ConditionsConsidering the number of students joining college every year, the federal grant programs are made complex and the eligibility conditions are not straightforward. Apart from having a valid Social Security Number, the students have to qualify for their financial needs. Enrollment with a program that is eligible for grant and satisfactory academic record in the school are other requirements. In addition, the student might have to pass the test conducted by the education department.Take help from a student counselor in taking right steps to enhance your chances of getting a financial grant.

Federal College Grants

Scholarship For Single Mothers With Donohue And Young Single Parent Scholarship

If you’re looking for a scholarship for single mothers, you can apply at Mary Jane Young Undergraduate Scholarship. Since the awards can vary every year, you should submit your application before the deadline. With the $1,500 scholarship money, the burden of single mothers can be reduced considerably.

Like any other scholarships, you should qualify. You should be a re-entry single mother and a full time undergrad. Aside from that, you should be enrolling at MSU (Minnesota State University) and should have prior 30 credits completion or perhaps transfer credits. The scholarship form is printable, and once you’ve printed it out, you can now fill out all the required information.

You should also write an essay. In the essay, you need to discuss how such scholarship can help you financially. You should also mention your goals and the reasons or reasons why you want to pursue your college education.

Talk to at least 2 faculty members at MSU and get recommendation letters. Don’t forget to secure copy of your transcript in college. This will serve as proof of your previous credits earned.

You can be at an advantage if you’re a resident of Minnesota and you’re enrolled at MSU. This is great news to all single mothers in Minnesota, who wants to improve their financial situation. You may find it hard at first but with time management and determination, you can do it.

Aside from the scholarship above, you can also apply for the Coplan Donohue Single Parent Scholarship. However, the scholarship amount is lower, $1,000. You should submit your application by April 1st.

You should be a single parent, committed to parenting, full time undergraduate, with academic excellence, prior 30 credits completion, and a citizen of the United States. Like the Mary Jane Young Scholarship, you can also print out the form and fill it out. You will also need 3 reference letters and a copy of the transcript.

Apply for a scholarship for single mothers now. You can apply for both scholarships. As long as you’re eligible, your application will be accepted and hopefully, you can be chosen as one of the recipients.

MSU at OTC Day Financial Aid